Coke-oven



TH. w. BUHLER.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED mun. 2911.

1,341,257. Patented May 25, 1920.

3. SHEETS-SHEET l.

A TTOHNEY H, W. BUHLER.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.24, 19w.

'3 SHE S- HEE we aw l l r I I I M4 L7 l J INVENTOI? A TTORNEY line GH o HENRY W. BUHLER, 013 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

COKE-OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 25, 1920.

Application filed January 24, 1917. Serial No. 144,169.

Throuvhout the drawing like reference Be it known that I, HENRY W. Bonus-n, characters indicate like parts. 1, 1, reprea citizen of the United States of America, sent the retorts or coking chambers of a residing at Boston, county of Suffolk, State standard form of coke oven, in the walls of Massachusetts, have invented certain new 2, 2, of which are formed a series of vertical, and useful Improvements i (Joke-Ovens, down-draft combustion flues 3, 3. The bond of which the following is a specification. illg walls 19, 19, connecting oven walls 2, 2, My invention relates generallv to heating form these fiues 3, 3, and also the hot air apparatus, but, as at present advised, I beflues 18, 18. Each combustion flue 3, dislieve it to have its most beneficial applicacharges at its lower end into an individual tion in coke ovens of the down-draft flue waste gas passage 5, the connection to which type. The object of the invention is to is controlled to a degree by an individual render the heating action of such apparatus damper 4. The oven is of the duplex conflexible of control and eflicient in operation struction so far as its waste gas and recuperand the fines and controlling parts easy of ator connections are concerned, the lower access for adjustment, cleaning, repair and transverse wall 15, dividing these portions observation. The best form of apparatus at t O ecti ns, which will now be depresent known t me b d i my i scribed. A common collecting conduit 6, tion i ill strated i th a a yin below the oven, communicates with all the dr wi s i hi h. passages 5, 5, on one side of wall 15. and

Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section r gh passageway 7, leads to a recupe of a, ok v n on tw ti )hmes li htl utor of standard construction having horiofi's t on fr th th r t t t l li zontal waste gas chambers or flues 8, 9, con-- M V th l ft h d h lf f th ti b i nected at their inner ends. A pipe elbow 10. t k on planes i di t d b d tt d li leads from the outer end of chamber 9. to A B of Fig. 2, and the right hand half of chimney flue the connection being @011- the section being taken on dotted line 0-D trolled t a degree y a loose, Sliding tile of Fi 2, looking to the right in both cases. Serving as a general d p for e half Fi 2 i a rti al cross ti f th of the oven served by the left-hand recuperoven (parts being broken away and omitted) ator. The recuperator structure is supporton two section planes ofl'set one from the d cross beams 34, 34. The recuperator the at th tr l li WQZ, th l ft l l iorgthe right hand half of the oven is of the half f th ti b i 7 tak on 1min same construction but the plane of the secpassing throu h dotted hn E F f '1, tion in this part of Fig. 1 is such as to show and the right hand half of the section bein he all heating passages from inlet 13, lower taken n lan pa ing through d tt g chamber 14, through vertlcal tubes 32, 32, FF; 1, sandwiched in layers between chambers 8, 8, Fig. 3 is a detal l horizontal section on line n as shown i g- 2, n o l ng 3-3 of Fig. 2, and line L-M of Fig. ,4, chamber 16, and thence through channels and V 17, to vertical hot air flues 18, 18.

4 is a detail vertical section on line The hot air fines 18, andcombustion flues Fi J-I of Fig. 3, parts being broken OW, are in pairs in tandem, alternating with To all whom. it may concern.

in both figures. one another, and are connected at their upper Fi .5 is a detail horizontal section n line ends to form heating pairs or couples as N- of Fig. 4, parts bein broken away. shown in Fi 1. The above described con- Fi 6 is a detail horizonta section on'line truction is 0 standard type, except in so far T-I? of Fig. 7, and as the location of the recuperators under the Fi 7 is a detail vertical section on line oven in immediate connection with the flues R- of Fig. 6, parts being broken away,

thereof, the divided or duplex arra ement these figures illustrating the removable air of waste gas connections, and the amper nozzles on an enlarged scale.

controls are concerned. Fi 8 is a horizontal section on line X--Y The features of my invention next to be of 1g. 1, parts being broken away and described comprise the s ecial means for omitt d. connecting the air flues an combustion lines in couples or pairs. As before statedthese two sets of flues are connected at their upper ends as is customary in the down-draft flue type of oven, but these connections have heretofore been inaccessible and permanent. According to my invention such connection is afforded through a vertical observation passageway 21, which extends through upper wall or roof 33, of the oven and is closed at its upper ends b removable cover 22. The lower end of eac passageway 21 abuts against and opens into the upper en s of a air of fines 3 and 18, as shown in detail in liig. 7 A removable air nozzle 20, is formed of a block of refractory material which nearly fills the lower part of passageway 21, when in operative position. t wholly overlaps the discharge end of air flue 18, and partly overlaps the inlet end of a combustion flue 3. This block has in its under portion a semicircular channel 30, which afl'ords communication from air flue 18, to combustion flue 3. The stream of hot air received from flue 18, will thus be dischar ed downward into combustion flue 3, and a ong flame will be produced when fuel is also admitted to the upper end of flue 3. An alternative construction of block nozzle is shown at 20", in which channel 30' is in the form of a uadrant of a circle, instead of a semi-circ e, so that the discharged current of air passes across the flue 3, instead of downward. Only this second form of nozzle is shown as in use in Figs. 1, 2 and 4. This will produce a short flame. Still other forms of block nozzle may be used, each having a perforated lug 31, or 31', or other formation on its upper face which may be conveniently grasped by hook or tongs inserted through observation passageway 21, for removal or replacement.

As shown the blocks 20 and 20, do not quite close the passageways 21, 21, and, if desired, the opening so left may be further enlarged by grooving the opposite wallas also shown at 23. This affords ample roomfor inserting a rod into and through flue 3, to adjust individual damper 4, at the discharge port of the flue.

The'next feature of my invention to be described comprises the special fuel inlets employed. As usual these are located at the upper ends of the combustion flues 3,3,

but they are of an improved type comprising removable burner tubes 27, o refractory material set in vertical passageways 29, in upper wall or roof 33, of the oven, terminating at their lower ends in removable burner nozzles 28, of still more refactory material. Preferably these nozles are seated in ports formed by the contracted lower ends of passsageways 29,-and do not extend to the bottom thereof, being thus hooded and partially protected from the heat in the combustion flues. 24, 24, are the gas pipes extending over the oven top. They are ofiset somewhat from the line of the burner tube bore so that the burners can be easily withdrawn from their seats after unscrewing the elbow connections 26, 26. Valves 25, 25, control the supply of fuel.

In operation gas or other fluid fuel delivered through the burners to combustion flues 3, 3, combines with air from the air nozzles selected to produce the desired character of flame, and the gases of combustion so formed pass off through the recuperator connections to the chimney flue. If inspection of any flue 3, through passage 21, and groove 23, after removal of cover 22, shows that proper combustion is not taking place the conditions can be corrected by ad usting damper 4, or gas valve 25, or by changing air nozzle 20, or burner nozzle 28. If, after the relative rate or character of combustion in all the flues in one half of the oven has been adjusted properly, it is desired to increase or decrease the combustion in that half as a whole this is done by manipulating general damper 11, for that half. The hooding of the burner tip 28, partly protects it, but it is partly destroyed after a period of use. A long hook inserted through tube 27, and tip 28, can then be used to withdraw the burner, after elbow 26, has been disconnected. A new burner tip can then be put on and the burner returned to normal position and use.

The advantages of my invention comprise the efliciency of operation resulting from the immediate passage of the waste hot gases of combustion from the flues into the recuperators located directly at the ends of the use, and the immediate passage of the heated air from the recuperators directly into the hdt air flues in the oven, the facility of inspection of all flues, the ease of access thereto for cleaning, etc., and the flexibility of control by dampers of flue combustion individually or in bank, or by nozzle changes. ith old forms of oven the character of the combustion going on can only be judged by the general results obtained and a shut-down and general overhauling may be the only alternative to continued operation at reduced efliciency, but with my invention the conditions in each can be instantly determined by inspection, the difliculty discovered and remedy applied without a moments interruption of the general operation of the oven.

Another advantage resulting from the use of separate recuperators connected to separate sets of flues, one recuperator and its connected set of flues serving'one end of the coking retort, and the other recuperator and its connected set of flues servmg the other end of the retort, is that the requirement for a difference between the extents of recuperative capacity at different ends of the retort can then be easlly met. That is to say,

flue or general locality as great a proportion as the retort width' increases, and as the capacity of the recuperator must be increased at a greater ratio than the ratio of temperature increase in the fines, it follows that the possible increase of width of recuperator resulting from the increase in width of the retort above it is not suflicient, but that a type of recuperator must be employed in which further increased heating capacity may be given by increase of its vertical dimensions. Consequently the recuperators to handle such Wider ends of the retorts should be of the construction here shown, 2'. e. such as have vertical air passageways which can be lengthened to any desired extent, and the heating efliciency of the recuperator correspondingly increased thereby without necessarily increasing the width of the recuperator, which latter dimension is limited by the necessity for keeping the retorts above them as close together as possible for reasons of economy in construction and operation.

I wish it understood that various changes can be made in the details of construction I shown and described without departing from the substance of my invention so long as the general principles of operation and coaction of parts herein set forth are preserved.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A heating apparatus having in combination a series of vertical combustion flues with discharge outlets at the bottom, a series of vertical air flues with inlets at the bottom alternating therewith. and a series of removable nozzles each of which connects the upper end of an air flue with the upper end of an adjacent combustion fine.

2. The combination, in a heating apparatus having a series of vertical combustion flues and a series of vertical air flues, the members of the two series alternating, being arranged in pairs in tandem and connected at their upper ends to vertical observation passageways extending through the upper wall of the structure in line with the air flues so that each combustion line and an adjacent air flue form a pair or heating couple, of removable blocks resting in said observation passageways on the tops of the air flues and channeled in their under portions to form, when in position, the means of communication between the flues of each pair.

3. The combination, in a heating apparatus having a series of vertical combustion fines and a. series of vertical air flues, the members of the two series alternating, being arranged in tandem and connected at their upper ends by vertical observation passageways extending through the upper wall of the structure in line with the air flues'so that each combustion flue and an adjacent air fine form a pair or heating couple. of removable blocks resting in said observation passageways on the tops of the air flues and channeied in their under portions to form, when in position, the means of communication between the flues of each pair, the parts being so formed as to also leave a passage beside the block into the combustion flue.

4. The combination, in a heating apparatus having a series of vertical combustion fines and a series of vertical air flues, the

'members ofthe two series alternating, bein arranged in pairs in tandem and connects at their upper ends by vertical observation passageways extendingthrough the upper wall of the structure in line with the air flues so that each combustion flue and an adjacent air flue form a pair or heating couple, of removable blocks resting in said observation passageways on the tops of the air flues and channeled in their under portions to form, when in position, the means of communication between the flues of each pair, the parts being so formed as to also leave a passage beside the block into the combustion flue, together with a removable cover for the upper end of the observation passageway.

5. The combination, in a heating apparatus having a series of combustion flues and a series of air fines, of removable nozzles affording the means of communication from the air fines to the combustion fines and a series of removable gas nozzles discharging into the upper ends of the combustion flues.

6. A heating apparatus having vertical combustion and air flues side by side in pairs. fuel inlets at the upper ends, and waste gas outlets at the lower ends of the combustion flues, and observation passageways extending from the upper ends of combustion and air flues to the top of the structure, in combination with dampers at the lower ends of the combustion fines and air nozzles located in the lower ends of the observation passageways bridging the connection from air to combustion fines. the lower walls of the observation passageways being slightly grooved at one side to afford access from the said passageways by the air nozzles to the combustion fines and access to the dampers.

7. A heating apparatus having vertical combustion and air flues side by side in pairs, fuel inlets at the upper ends and waste gas outlets at the lower ends of the 1 combustion fines, and observation passageways extending from gthe upper ends of combustion and air flue etc the top of the structure, in dampers at combination with the lower ends of the observation passageways'bridging the connection from air to combustion lines, the lower walls of the observation passageways being slightly grooved at one side to afford access from the said passageways by the air nozzles to the combustion fines and access to the dampers. said air nozzles being formed of blocks of refractory material nearly filling the lower ends of the observation passageways, normally resting on and overlapping the mouths of each pair of fines and provided in their lower portions with passages exgether with direct tending from one abutting flue mouth to the other abutting flue mouth of each pair.

8. A heating apparatus having in combination a series of vertical combustion fines alternating with a series of vertical air fines, each member of one series being connected to a member of the other series, thereby formixw a series of pairs each composed of a combustion flue and an air flue, connections between the upper ends of the members of each pair, and a recuperator located directly under the apparatus, to-

connections from its air passages to the lower ends of the air fines and from its heating passages to the lower ends of the combustion flues.

HENRY \V. BUHLER. 

